{"id":59,"date":"2023-03-22T01:31:29","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T17:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phbr.pbbpp.com.my\/?page_id=59"},"modified":"2024-01-22T15:38:54","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T07:38:54","slug":"intro-of-phbr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/ms\/intro-of-phbr\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"59\" class=\"elementor elementor-59\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a2f407 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a2f407\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd9835c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd9835c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e991a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72e991a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"464\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-300-x-83-px-464-x-140-px-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11661\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-300-x-83-px-464-x-140-px-3.png 464w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-300-x-83-px-464-x-140-px-3-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-300-x-83-px-464-x-140-px-3-18x5.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f694dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f694dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0461cab elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"0461cab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM1MTUiLCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bars\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-97a5612 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"97a5612\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b223877\" data-id=\"b223877\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f3666da elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f3666da\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-140ddca\" data-id=\"140ddca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78d01b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78d01b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-020eac8 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"020eac8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eaa6f90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eaa6f90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Is PHBR<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d101cb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d101cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Breif  Of PHBR<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b160864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b160864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve (PHBR) is a protected area on Penang Island, Malaysia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founded<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in 2013 by the Malaysian government,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the PHBR is a component <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the larger UNESCO Man and the Biosphere<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(MAB) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Programme<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with government agencies and<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NGOs to boost local support for economic, social, and environmental planning and awareness.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcef65d elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fcef65d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49aaafd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"49aaafd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/4-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4839\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/4-2.png 600w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/4-2-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-244b82d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"244b82d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reserve covers a total area of 12, 481 hectares (about 25<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percent northeast area of Penang Island) and includes the Penang Hill Rainforest, as well as other forested areas on the island.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The natural habitat hosts more than 2,000 flora and over 500 fauna species. PHBR&#8217;s species richness resulted from the three major ecosystem types: terrestrial, coastal, and marine.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These ecosystems are surrounded by community farmlands (vegetables and spices) and orchards (fruits), and marine areas that allow low-impact artisanal fishing activities.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve is<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a unique ecosystem and<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">home to a rich and diverse collection of flora and fauna,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">including <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">many endemic species that can only be found <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reserve is<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">essential<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conserving<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">biodiversity<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and providing<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ecosystem services such as regulating the climate, protecting watersheds, and preventing soil erosion.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve aims to promote sustainable rainforest management for its long-term survival.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reserve<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">comprises <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protected areas, conservation zones, and sustainable land use practices. Local communities <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">actively participate <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the management of the reserve and are encouraged to use forest resources<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sustainably.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHBR plays<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a crucial<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">role in both research and education. Local universities and research institutions are encouraged to<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conduct<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> studies<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the reserve to enhance our understanding of the rainforest ecosystem and its conservation needs.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reserve also<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">offers<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">education and outreach programs designed to increase public awareness of the importance of rainforest conservation.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHBR aims to be more than just an initiative<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">promoting sustainable management and conservation of the Penang Hill Rainforest and other forested areas on Penang Island.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It strives to become<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a global reference site<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">demonstrating<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">how humans and nature<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">coexist harmoniously.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHC implements the guiding principles of<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Special Area Plan (SAP) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">through a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> community engagement strategy with other government agencies and NGOs <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to effectively raise <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">local awareness and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">garner<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> support for economic, social, and environmental planning.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The vision of protecting the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">natural environment,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">enhancing<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">biodiversity,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and preserving its green space,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">built environment, and cultural heritage<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">through sustainable practices will position PHC<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as a unique eco-tourism destination.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It fosters entrepreneurship and development among local communities<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">while encouraging <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tourists to respect the natural and cultural heritage<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the area.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHC aims to safeguard this unique ecosystem for future generations by collaborating with local communities, researchers, and other stakeholders.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf21835 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf21835\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our Vision<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12b039d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"12b039d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4840\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision.png 600w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9ec0cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9ec0cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To support the socio-economic development of the local communities and the conservation of biodiversity for a sustainable future.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c58de0a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c58de0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our Mission<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d15133e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d15133e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4841\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission.png 600w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fd8cc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fd8cc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To integrate natural resource conservation and healthy living with socio-economic development through smart partnerships in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) via the following:<\/p><p>Enhancing the conservation and protection of PHBR\u2019s natural, historical, and cultural heritage through strategic programmes.<\/p><p>Fostering sustainable, healthy and equitable communities, and a thriving green economy through innovative research, smart partnerships and effective management.<\/p><p>Developing and supporting mitigation and adaptation interventions to climate change and other negative environmental impacts.<\/p><p>Promoting education for sustainable development (ESD) and capacity building.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f9201d elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5f9201d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a771c4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6a771c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59d3610 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59d3610\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:100,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a8dced elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a8dced\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ded2d3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ded2d3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve (PHBR) is\u00a0<span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-5f0e004-font-family ), Sans-serif; letter-spacing: var( --e-global-typography-5f0e004-letter-spacing ); word-spacing: var( --e-global-typography-5f0e004-word-spacing ); background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5);\">designated on the 15th September 2021 under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme, as the third biosphere reserve in Malaysia, after Tasik Chini Biosphere Reserve in Pahang and the Crocker Range Biosphere Reserve in Sabah. The PHBR encompasses from hill to ocean with the total area of 12,481 hectares which is about 25 percent of the Penang Island. With the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation, PHBR spur not only the interest in sustainable activities on Penang Hill but also focus on the conservation of the biodiversity of the hill and its surrounding area.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-835544d elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"835544d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#OurVision\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-leaf\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Our Vision<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#OurMission\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-leaf\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Our Mission<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d69339 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7d69339\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f430859 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f430859\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-11104\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/9.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa55cce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aa55cce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The initiative was first proposed by The Habitat Penang Hill (The Habitat) in close collaboration with the Penang State Government in 2016. The State Government subsequently appointed the Penang Hill Corporation (PHC) to take charge of the project on behalf of the State. PHC initiated the application process through a series of preliminary meetings with scientists from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) in late 2016 while The Habitat organised two Symposia on Conservation and Canopy Science on Penang Hill in October 2016 and April 2017 together with Dr. Margaret Lowman of the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) and USM.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Through numerous cycles of meetings, a nomination dossier was finally submitted to UNESCO through the Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment and Climate Change (NRECC) in September 2020. The MAB Council officially designated Penang Hill and its surrounding areas as Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve on 15 September 2021.<\/p>\n<p>Penang Hill, proudly with the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation under UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme aims to boost local support for economic, social, and environmental planning and awareness.<\/p>\n<p>PHBR covers a total area of 12, 481 hectares (about 25 percent northeast area of Penang Island) and includes the Penang Hill Rainforest, as well as other forested areas on the island.<\/p>\n<p>The natural habitat hosts more than 2,000 flora and over 500 fauna species. PHBR&#8217;s species richness resulted from the three major ecosystem types: terrestrial, coastal, and marine.<\/p>\n<p>These ecosystems are surrounded by community farmlands (vegetables and spices) and orchards (fruits), and marine areas that allow low-impact artisanal fishing activities.<\/p>\n<p>The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve is a unique ecosystem and home to a rich and diverse collection of flora and fauna, including many endemic species that can only be found here.<\/p>\n<p>The biosphere reserve is essential for conserving biodiversity and providing ecosystem services such as regulating the climate, protecting watersheds, and preventing soil erosion.<\/p>\n<p>The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve aims to promote sustainable rainforest management for its long-term survival.<\/p>\n<p>The biosphere reserve comprises protected areas, conservation zones, and sustainable land use practices. Local communities actively participate in the management of the reserve and are encouraged to use forest resources sustainably.<\/p>\n<p>PHBR plays a crucial role in both research and education. Local universities and research institutions are encouraged to conduct studies in the reserve to enhance our understanding of the rainforest ecosystem and its conservation needs.<\/p>\n<p>The biosphere reserve also offers education and outreach programs designed to increase public awareness of the importance of rainforest conservation.<\/p>\n<p>PHBR aims to be more than just an initiative to promote sustainable management and conservation of the Penang Hill rainforest and other forested areas on Penang Island. It strives to become a global reference site demonstrating how humans and nature coexist harmoniously.<\/p>\n<p>PHC implements the guiding principles of the Special Area Plan (SAP) through a community engagement strategy with other government agencies and NGOs to effectively raise local awareness and garner support for economic, social, and environmental planning.<\/p>\n<p>The vision of protecting the natural environment, enhancing biodiversity, and preserving its green space, built environment, and cultural heritage through sustainable practices will position PHC as a unique eco-tourism destination.<\/p>\n<p>It fosters entrepreneurship and development among local communities while encouraging tourists to respect the natural and cultural heritage of the area.<\/p>\n<p>PHC aims to safeguard this unique ecosystem for future generations by collaborating with local communities, researchers, and other stakeholders.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b467eb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b467eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"OurVision\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our Vision<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca23505 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ca23505\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-4840\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision.png 600w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/vision-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-068a417 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"068a417\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To support the socio-economic development of the local communities and the conservation of biodiversity for a sustainable future.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb32eab elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb32eab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"OurMission\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our Mission<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3817640 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3817640\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4841\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission.png 600w, https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mission-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c197823 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c197823\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To integrate natural resource conservation and healthy living with socio-economic development through smart partnerships in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) via the following:<\/p><p>Enhancing the conservation and protection of PHBR\u2019s natural, historical, and cultural heritage through strategic programmes.<\/p><p>Fostering sustainable, healthy and equitable communities, and a thriving green economy through innovative research, smart partnerships and effective management.<\/p><p>Developing and supporting mitigation and adaptation interventions to climate change and other negative environmental impacts.<\/p><p>Promoting education for sustainable development (ESD) and capacity building.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2458415 e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2458415\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fba896 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-image-accordion\" data-id=\"6fba896\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-image-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-image-accordion jet-tabs-addons\"><div class=\"jet-image-accordion jet-image-accordion-vertical-orientation jet-image-accordion-circ-ease\" role=\"tablist\" data-settings=\"{&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;vertical&quot;,&quot;activeSize&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;duration&quot;:500,&quot;activeItem&quot;:-1}\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__list\">\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/MAP-AND-ZONATION-Small.jpg\" alt=\"MAP AND ZONATION (Small)\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Map &amp; Zonation<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">UNESCO has set a condition for setting\u00a0a Biosphere Reserve area; it shall follow the components required under\u00a0the Biosphere Zonation Model: Core Area, Buffer Zone, and Transition Area.<\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/map-and-zonation\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ecosystem-1.png\" alt=\"Ecosystem\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Ecosystem<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">Each environmental factor in an ecosystem relies on the climate, humidity level, and soil moisture content. <\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/ecosystem\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/penang-hill-1.png\" alt=\"penang hill\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Tourist Attractions<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">PHBR area covers tourist attractions such as Penang Hill, Penang Botanic Gardens, Penang National Park, Teluk Bahang Forest Reserve, Air Itam and Teluk Bahang Dam.<\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/tourist-attractions\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/tourism.png\" alt=\"tourism\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Gallery<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">Showcasing the breathtaking natural beauty from its serene landscapes to the vibrant flora and fauna, this visual journey provides a glimpse into the captivating essence of PHBR.<\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/gallery\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/partner-Large.jpg\" alt=\"partner (Large)\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Partners<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve\u2019s partners are known for their expertise based on their jurisdiction\u2019s position and relevance to ensure sustainable development in the area. <\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/partners\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/researcher-1.png\" alt=\"researcher (1)\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Programmes <\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">In recent years, several conservation programmes and events have been conducted to raise awareness about environmental issues and promote sustainable practices.<\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/programmes\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item title-display-mode__on_hover\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"jet-image-accordion__image-instance\" src=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Project.png\" alt=\"Project\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__content\">\n\t\t<h5 class=\"jet-image-accordion__title\">Projects<\/h5><div class=\"jet-image-accordion__desc\">Penang Hill Corporation (PHC) takes responsibility to promote, encourage, facilitate and undertake the development of economy, social and infrastructure of Penang Hill. <\/div><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-image-accordion__button\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"\/projects\/\">More<\/a><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"jet-image-accordion__item-loader\"><span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b781db elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b781db\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08e8040 elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"08e8040\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/map-Zonation.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"map &amp; Zonation\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMap And  Zonation\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tUNESCO has set a condition for setting\u00a0a Biosphere Reserve area; it shall follow the components required under\u00a0the Biosphere Zonation Model: Core Area, Buffer Zone, and Transition Area.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/map-and-zonation\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94d7f2f elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"94d7f2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94a8a3f elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"94a8a3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ecosystem-1.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Ecosystem\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEcosystem\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEach environmental factor in an ecosystem relies on the climate, humidity level, and soil moisture content. \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/ecosystem\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-987bef2 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"987bef2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34b451b elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"34b451b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/penang-hill-1.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"penang hill\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTourist Attractions\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPHBR area covers tourist attractions such as Penang Hill, Penang Botanic Gardens, Penang National Park, Teluk Bahang Forest Reserve, Air Itam and Teluk Bahang Dam.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/tourist-attractions\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd65c8a elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bd65c8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba17cbe elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"ba17cbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/tourism.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"tourism\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGallery\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tShowcasing the breathtaking natural beauty from its serene landscapes to the vibrant flora and fauna, this visual journey provides a glimpse into the captivating essence of PHBR.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/gallery\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2885c4b elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2885c4b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-170d3d6 elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"170d3d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/researcher-1.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"researcher (1)\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProgrammes \t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIn recent years, several conservation programmes and events have been conducted to raise awareness about environmental issues and promote sustainable practices.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/programmes\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bbf1e9 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0bbf1e9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a334175 elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"a334175\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Project-1024x427.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Project\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProject\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPenang Hill Corporation (PHC) takes responsibility to promote, encourage, facilitate and undertake the development of economy, social and infrastructure of Penang Hill. \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/projects\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97dd8fe elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"97dd8fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-836e318 elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"836e318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hero-PHBR-3-1024x427.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"hero PHBR (3)\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPartners\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve\u2019s partners are known for their expertise based on their jurisdiction\u2019s position and relevance to ensure sustainable development in the area. \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"\/partners\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSee more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90d7f3e elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"90d7f3e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab9f152 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab9f152\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09f7f26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09f7f26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Take a ride on the funicular train to the summit of Penang Hill and enjoy the stunning panoramic views of the island and the surrounding sea.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fdc1f7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fdc1f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-762ec6c elementor-tablet-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"762ec6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact Us<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve About What Is PHBR Breif Of PHBR The Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve (PHBR) is a protected area on Penang Island, Malaysia.\u00a0 Founded in 2013 by the Malaysian government, the PHBR is a component of the larger UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme with government agencies and NGOs to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-59","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve - Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve (PHBR) covers a total land area of 12,481 hectares, about 25 percent northeast area of Penang Island.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/phbr.penanghill.gov.my\/ms\/intro-of-phbr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ms_MY\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Introduction of Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve - Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve (PHBR) covers a total land area of 12,481 hectares, about 25 percent northeast area of Penang Island.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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